I have many pet peeves. I don’t like it when pillows in our house are lying on the floor. It irritates me when people talk on speaker phone in public. It drives me crazy when people rush to stand up in the aisle of an airplane once it lands (I’m really not as angry as it might seem).

Every year, we encourage our clients enrolled in a Medicare Part D stand-alone prescription plan to take a few minutes to verify that their existing plan remains the best option for them. For the 2025 plan year, there’s a little more urgency, as some big changes are occurring that have never been a factor before. Starting in 2025, Medicare is setting a $2,000 cap on out-of-pocket drug costs for those with Part D drug plans.  From brokers I have spoken with, this has caused a lot of turmoil in this market as some providers are changing what drugs will be covered under their formularies, co-pays, deductibles, and coverage of brand versus generic.  If you were happy with your Part D drug plan in 2024, it could be a different story in 2025.

In the 1950s, Harry Markowitz was one of the creators of Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT). In summary, he was able to create an “optimal” portfolio of 60% stocks and 40% bonds. Over time, this mix generated most of the returns of stocks with much less downside risk. This was the early introduction of the asset allocation issue that is critical to portfolio construction. However, is this still the optimal way to create a portfolio?